Birth Trauma and Erb's Palsy.
The incidence of Erb's palsy in our population is similar to that of other reported studies and has remained unchanged over the past 30 years, even as our cesarean rate has risen from 5% to 20%.
In other words, there is as much force used during c-section deliveries as with vaginal deliveries.
Graham EM; Forouzan I; Morgan MA. A retrospective analysis of Erb's palsy cases and their relation to birth weight and trauma at delivery. J Matern Fetal Med 1997; 6(1):1-5
Facial nerve palsy in the newborn: incidence and outcome.
Among 44,292 infants born between October 1, 1982 and July 31, 1987, there were 92 recorded cases of congenital seventh nerve palsy. Of these '81 were acquired' for an incidence of 1.8 per 1,000. Seventy-four of the 81 (91%) were associated with forceps delivery.
Falco NA; Eriksson E. Facial nerve palsy in the newborn: incidence and outcome.. Plast Reconstr Surg 1990; 85(1):1-4
Erb's Palsy Most Common Injury
Erb's palsy is the most common obstetric brachial plexus injury followed by total plexus palsy. The distribution of Klumpke's birth palsy with modern obstetric practice is unknown
al-Qattan MM; Clarke HM; Curtis CG. Klumpke's birth palsy. Does it really exist? J Hand Surg ÍBrÍ 1995; 20 (1):19-23
Erb's Palsy: Delivery Methods and Baby's Weight
When birth weight was controlled for in the analysis, midforceps vacuum, and low forceps remained significantly associated with the Erb's palsy. These data demonstrate a high risk for serious birth injury associated with instrumental midpelvic delivery.
McFarland LV; Raskin M; Daling JR; Benedetti TJ. Erb/Duchenne's palsy: a consequence of fetal macrosomia and method of delivery. Obstet Gynecol 1986; 68(6):784-8